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11.9.2012 Utorok

Communication

- way of transfering information, opinion

verbal - words
nonverbal - eye contact, mimics, hand movement

direct - face to face
indirect - mobile phones

speaking - real time, possibility for repitition
writing - not always real time, no possibility for repitition
              formal -> use of correct grammar

historical development - signs, pictures, pidgeons, post cards, letter, smoke signal
                                      15th century - printing
                                      mobile phones, computers, TV, radio
                                      mass communication (among people)

12.9.2012 Streda
14.9.2012 Piatok
color - colour
program - programme
- different pronounciation and different lexical meaning

Conditionals

1. conditional
If it is nice outside I will go out today.
- we talk about some situations that are likely to happen
If I get good mark from test my parents will be happy.
Form: If + present simple + subject + infinitive
          If clause + main clause

2. conditional
If I had million dollars I would travel around the world.
If I won millions dollars I woud buy ...
If I were you I would ...
- when we talk about situations that are likely to happen (probabylity is low)
Form: If + past simple + subject + would + infinitive

18.9.2012 Utorok
0. conditional
- we use it when we talk about some sutuations which are always true (facts)
If you heat water, it boils.
If + present simple | pronoun + present simple.

Time Clauses
- when, while, as soon as, until + present simple

He does not understand Portuguese. He won't work in Brazil.
If he understood Portuguese he would work in Brazil

If you are late again, you will have problems.
Do you think I will lose weight?
What will you do if yu found 500 € on the ground?

19.9.2012 Streda
21.9.2012 Piatok

Modal Verbs

can - ability, permission/request, possibility
could
may/might - present/future possibility
should/shouldn't - when we want to give some advice
must - strong obligation of the speaker
have to - strong obligation of somebody else

Doctor said that I have to stay at home.
You have to to stop when there is red light.
People have to pay tax.
Children have to go to school until they are 16.

Past simple - had to
Negattive - must not (nesmieš), don't have to (nemusíš)

25.9.2012 Utorok
Maturita 2012 - section II - part 1

peer - rovesník
depicts - zobraziť

28.9.2012 Piatok
I can go home.
We were alloved to go home.
I should do my homework.
I should have done my homework.
We must go to school.
I had to go to school.

Probability:
He can be outside. (môže byť vonku)
He might be outside. (mohol by byť vonku)
prítomný čas - He must be outside. (najpravdepodobnejšie že je vonku)
He must have been outside. - musel byť von
He must have been studied. - on sa musel učiť
He can have been outside.

2.10.2012 Utorok
Character adjectives
untidy - tidy
optimistic - pessimistic
sociable - reserved
talkative - quiet
shy - talkative, sociable
impatient - patient
ambitious - unambirious
lazy - hard-working
generous - mean
reliable - unreliable
cheerful - sad
sensitive - unsensitive

modals verbs + inf
- don't have to
- 3rd sing -> s
I had to go to school when I was young.
I have to go to school. (now)

He must be at home. (now)
He must have been at home. (past)

I shouldn't have carried that bags.

Homework (90/1)
a) He must have been ill.
b) You can not have bought it yourself.
c) She might have been oversleeped.
d) You must have forgotten.
e) Maria can not have finshed already.
f) He must have cheated.
g) You could have left it on the train.

3.10.2012 Streda
90/2
a) You must have been very cold when you were out skiing.
b) When I was at school we have to do homework every night.
c) He can't have been a member of his school football team.
d) She was able to swim / She could swim.

crutch - barla
plaster - dlaha
fading - blednutie

5.10.2012 Piatok
I have to speak English well. I need it for my job.
I must wear a suit. It is a formal party.
I think you should tell your parents that information.
You must see that film.
I had to go to doctor.
I should not have said that.
He must have been scared. (Yesterday)
May I ask you a question?

16.10.2012 Utorok
Slovíčka:
solitary shepherd - osamelí pastier
barren land - neúrodná zem
lavender - levanduľa
coars grasses - neopracovaná (zarastená, húština)
acorns - žaľude
curious - zvedaví
insistent - dotieraví/naliehaví
wilderness - divočina
oak tree - dub
magnificient - úžasný

Homework (93/7;8;9;10)
7) Because he saw lot of dead people and this one looks also old.
8) The war has no affect on him.
9) Because he was suprised.
10) That people destroy everything.

17.10.2012 Streda
Listening:

19.10.2012 Piatok
fast rollercoaster
- roll, coast, ass, face, troll, roll, raster, all, fall, rat, left, taste, fatt, cost, see, set

wedding anniversary
- add, red, winn, sing, sang, end, an, a, and, yes, new

beautifful
- full, leaf, fill, fit, beat, but, eat

24.10.2012 Streda

Slovakia


- small landlocked country
- situated in central europe
- Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Austria, Ukraine
Longest river: Váh
biggest river: Danube
kras - karst
Slavs - slovania
The epire of King Samo
863 - Ciril and Metod

Folk festivals: Víchodná, Detva, Terchová
Košice - St. Elizabeth Catedral

26.10.2012 Piatok

7.11.2012 Streda
stone lime cliffs - vápencové útesi
immense - ohromný
skanzem prevziate zo svedstiny
Xm over see level

13.11.2012 Utorok
clutch - automatic, manual
steering-wheel - volant
trunk - kufor

14.11.2012 Streda

Present Perfect Continuous

- action started at past and still continuous Your eyes are red. Have you been crying?
Form: Have/Has + been + verb + ing

Stavové nepriberajú ing
- I have had this car for ages.
- I have lost my ID

Present perfect simple: How much?; How many?
Present perfect continuous: How long?

20.11.2012 Utorok
Esej
odseky - introduction (1. sentence genaral statemant)
              body paragraph(s)
              conclusion - sum it up
- 220 (200-240) slov

5b - paragraps
5b - content
5b - grammar
5b - vocabulary

- check spelling, check if you have answers to all questions
- first of all, secondl, on the other hand
- cohesion and coherence
- "Fail to plan, plan to fail"

Témi: Young people alebo internet (niečo takéhoto)

1) have you been standing
2) have been; rejected
3) Have - heared
4) announced
5) have been going, thought
6) have been rising, joined
7) haven't heared, wrote
8) have met
9) left; applied; has been working

21.11.2012 Streda
1) has been eating
2) have been playing
3) have - been; have - made
4) have broken
5) have been driving; haven't found

18.12.2012 Utorok
Maturita 2012 Listening 3
14 3 talk to them
15 5
16 2 monitor them
17 6
18 x
19 1 create rules
20 4

68) false - e
69) true - c
70) false - a
71) false - d
72) false - b
73) true - a

19.12.2012 Streda
8.1.2013 Utorok
11.1.2013 Utorok

Man and nature

Climate - moist tropical
              - dry
              - humid
              - continental (Slovakia)
              - cold - permanent ice

Natural disasters - earthquakes (magnitude scale)
                           - avalache
                           - floods
                           - tornado (they are given humans names)
                           - volcanos

The enviroment - means the surrounding in which people and animals lives
                          - global warming (temperature is rising, glaciers are melting)
                          - air pollution
                          - watter and soil pollution
15.1.2012 Utorok
                          - destruction of rain forest

Endangeres species - siberian tiger, Giant panda, blue whale

Save the planet - Earth hour
                          - greenpeac (deforastion, global warming)
                          - national parks

5.2.2013 Utorok

Indirect questions

- use them when we want yo be more polite or avoid asking directly
- introduced by: I would like to know, I have no idea, I am not sure, I wonder, Do you know, Could you tell me, I am not sure,... - word order is the same as in possitive senteces
   subiect + verb +(obiect, adverbial,...)

   Phrase + question word / if + subiect + verb
   Tom lives in London.
   Where does Tome lives?
   I would like to know, where Tome lives?

- do, does, did are not used

If there is no question word we use if.

či -> if, wether

6.2.2013 Streda

Idioms

it is raining cats and dogs -> leje ako z krhli
he is in the red -> je v mínuse
feel like a fish out of water -> cítiť sa ako 5 koleso na voze
shake a leg -> pohni si
hang on -> vidrž
pain in the neck -> lezie mi to na nervi
bark up to wrong tree -> sťažovať sa inému ako kto je zato zodpovedný

12.2.2013 Utorok

Tag Questions

It is a nice day. Isn't it?
- we use them when we are not sure
- ak nemáme pomocné sloveso používame do, does, did
- časi musia biť rovnaké

I am right, aren't I?
Nobody understands, do they?
Everybody understands, don't they?
Nobody is coming, are they?
Everybody is comming, aren't they?

Luxembourg is the smalles country in EU, isn't it?
Spain joined the EU in 1986, didn't it?

Článok k téme: http://spectator.sme.sk/articles/view/49449/12/underfed_yet_successful.html
Slovník k téme: http://spectator.sme.sk/articles/view/49450/12/glossary_underfed_yet_successful.html
Možná úloha pre študentov: http://spectator.sme.sk/articles/view/49451/12/exerciseunderfed_yet_successful.html

9.4.2013 Utorok

Communication

reasons why to: explain, give advice, answer/ask, apologize, inform, persuade
Past: gestures, signs, paintings, body, mimics, facial exp., pistures, fire
Now: books, letters, posters, newspapers, postcards, social networks, e-mail, internet, mobiles

Verbal - we use words, spoken language, face to face
Non-verbal - hands, mimics, gestures

Spoken - real time, face to face, we can ask fo repititon or explanition, dialog
Written - is more formal (corect grammar and vocab.), invoice, fax, contract

23.4.2013 Utorok

Multicultural society

New years eve - silvester
1. Januára - Day of establishment of Slovakia
1. May - International worker's day
8. May - Day of victory over fascism
1. September - Day of constitution Slovak Republic
17 Novenber - Day of struggle for freedom and democracy
1 November - All Sant's day

30.4.2013 Utorok

Town and places

1. important place in my life (place where where you born and where you grew up)
2. favourite places to rest/relax
3. show a foreigner around - beaty spots in our country

3.5.2013 Piatok

Massmedia

- information - news, weather
- education
- comercials
- entertaiment

Television - comercial and noncomercial; programs on tv, news, cartoons
                 - brainwashing, not all information are true, violence, damages eyesight
Radio - music, information

Printed massmedia
      Newspapers - broadsheets (informačné noviny); tabloids/gutter press (bulvár); magazines
      Cartoons
      Crosswords

7.5.2013 Utorok

Fashion

a) What does the children's wardrobe consist of?
b) What is your attitude to fashion, is it important to you?
c) What do you wear on different occasions? (disco, theatre, sport event)
d) How is the fashion changed in the last 100 year's.
f) Why is the job of a model so much popular with teenage girls?